Ubuntu 20.04 Focal Fossa open HTTP port 80 and HTTPS port 443 step by step instructions

  1. Check the status of your firewall.
    # ufw status verbose
    Status: active
    Logging: on (low)
    Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing), disabled (routed)
    New profiles: skip
    

    Based on the above output all incoming ports are blocked by default.

  2. We have multiple options on how to open ports 80 and 443. First, we can directly specify the port number or the service we wish to open the port for. Example:

    $ sudo ufw allow 80
    $ sudo ufw allow 443
    OR
    $ sudo ufw allow http
    $ sudo ufw allow https
    

    Alternatively, if we wish to open ports for a specific web server such as Apache or Nginx we can execute the below commands:

    $ sudo ufw allow in "Apache Full"
    $ sudo ufw allow in "Nginx Full"
    
  3. Check your current firewall configuration settings:
    # ufw status verbose
    Status: active
    Logging: on (low)
    Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing), disabled (routed)
    New profiles: skip
    
    To                         Action      From
    --                         ------      ----
    80                         ALLOW IN    Anywhere                  
    443                        ALLOW IN    Anywhere                  
    80 (v6)                    ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)             
    443 (v6)                   ALLOW IN    Anywhere (v6)
    
  4. In case you will later decide to remove the port 80,443 rules you can do so by executing the below commands:
    $ sudo ufw delete allow 80
    $ sudo ufw delete allow 443
    OR
    $ sudo ufw delete allow http
    $ sudo ufw delete allow https
    

    Alternatively, if we wish to open ports for a specific web server such as Apache or Nginx we can execute the below commands:

    $ sudo ufw delete allow in "Apache Full"
    $ sudo ufw delete allow in "Nginx Full"
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